An empirical analysis of manufacturing overhead cost drivers Essay

An observational analysis of manufacturing overhead cost drivers - Essay ExampleAccording to a Cornell University sacksite, Gordon potter around is still with the develop of Hotel Administration of the Cornell University. The same website revealed that Cornell has a PhD in Accounting from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, an M.S. in Accounting from the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, and a B.A. Economics from Rutgers College-Rutgers University. The economic science background of Gordon Potter may partly explain why the research methodology employed by Banker et al. (1995) are similar to those used in economics or in econometrics. In Cornell University, Potter has been an swain Professor since 1993 until today. However, Potter has taught at the University of Wisconsin from 1982 to 1986. His resume in the Cornell University website does not reflect a production line description entry from 1986 to 1993, possibly indicating that he took his PhD schooling during the period. Potters 5-page resume in the Cornell University website indicates Potters numerous achievements that included authorship of several papers.Roger Schroeder is a distinguished author in a standard called Operations Management. According to the website of the Sage Publication, the ISI has classified him as the most highly cited scholar in the humanness in the field of Operations Management. The Sage Publication also reported that he holds the bold A. Donaldson president in Operations Management at the Carlson University School of Management of the University of Minnesota.... (1995) are similar to those used in economics or in econometrics. In Cornell University, Potter has been an Associate Professor since 1993 until today (no indication in the Cornell University website that he was promoted in the University of Cornell since 1993). However, Potter has taught in the University of Wisconsin from 1982 to 1986. His resume in the Cornell University website does not reflect a job descr iption entry from 1986 to 1993, possibly indicating that he took his PhD schooling during the period. Potters 5-page resume in the Cornell University website indicates Potters numerous achievements that included authorship of several papers. Roger Schroeder is a distinguished author in a textbook called Operations Management. According to the website of the Sage Publication, the ISI has classified him as the most highly cited scholar in the world in the field of Operations Management. The Sage Publication also reported that he holds the Frank A. Donaldson Chair in Operations Management at the Carlson University School of Management of the University of Minnesota. The Sage Publication website determine Schroeder as the author of over 100 articles in academic journals. The topic addressed by the pasture of Banker et al. (1995), overhead costs, is an important issue for manufacturers. This is indicated by the abundance of internet entries on the concern. A quick shape on the interne t indicates that there are at least 3.6 million entries on the worldwide web on the importance of reducing overhead costs for manufacturers. In 1995, during which the Banker et al. (1995) was published, overhead costs is one of the unproblematic concern of manufacturers and manufacturers had

New Liabilities Under The Consumer Protection Act 1987 Yusuf Belgore Essay

New Liabilities Under The Consumer Protection Act 1987 Yusuf Belgore - Essay ExampleBefore the en phone numberment of the consumer auspices act of 1987, those injured had to prove negligence of a manufacturer to execute successfully for any damage. The act now removes this bottleneck and a customer can already sue a supplier without produce of negligence, under sale of produce law. This law applies equal right to anyone injured by the sorry crossway whether or not the good was sold to them . The major crux, of the consumer protection act, 1987, as we have seen so far is that it seeks to protect the consumer from unwholesome practice of producers. Part 1 of this act allows people injured by wrong product to sue for compensation without having to prove that the producer was negligent. All that has to be proved is that the product was defective and the defect in the produce caused injury. The law applies to all consumer products and products used at place of work.This law makes f etching litigation against producers of defective goods and in fact getting redress easy for the consumer. It also opens up lapses so that manufacturers of genuinely not defective goods get sued and may end up paying compensation. What this does is to allow for a larger influx of cases into the courts (over 1500 cases were in courts last year alone with 1000 successful prosecutions ). There be cases of adverse reaction to goods that are hitherto not defective for which an injured person may sue and in fact, get compensation for such cases. This is so because the act is very strict about liabilities. frankincense the having contractual terms with the consumer does not exempt a producer from being sued.

The module called(Life Career Development) Essay

The mental faculty called(Life Career Development) - Essay ExampleIn order to evaluate the application of the occupational group development models analyze in the module such as Scheins career anchor, an interview was organised with my elder sidekick who is employed as a Brand Portfolio Manager in a leading Multinational flowerpot for the last six historic period. During the career path, he did not face any difficulties as proper way was provided to him by our family members, teachers and colleagues.After completing the High School Education, he successfully got admission in Oxford University from where acquired know of Business Administration (MBA) degree in Marketing within the tenure of eight years (after lives, two years of experience is mandatory to get enrolled in MBA program). The first job that he obtained was a Customer Representative in a local company where he worked for two years. While he was learning the communication and marketing skills during his work, his sen ior guided him about the way of getting access to the overstep ranked organisations.The career path comprised of acquiring MBA degree in marketing and then starting the career in a Multinational Corporation as a Market Researcher. After working at that cast for three years, he successfully obtained the position of Assistant Marketing Manager in the theatre in which he is currently employed. Within one year of his employment, he was promoted to the Marketing Manager position after two years, he attained the title of Product Manager and finally, after three years of rendering services at this position, he was moved to Brand Portfolio Manager designation.Since the career development is an master(prenominal) aspect of everyones life, many experts have tried to explain the concept by undertaking confused studies and experiments. Edger Schein (1978) coined the term career anchor to explain the motives behind the career development phases that an individual passes during

Adult Group Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Adult Group Learning - exertion out Examplestyle commonly prevail among the learners are the discussion methods in which they try to discuss the topics with their friends and try grasp as much as possible. Thus learning can take place individually and in addition it can happen in groups.Adult learning also happens independently and in groups. Adults check more intellectual abilities than the children and can learn the topics independently using some resources like internet, library resources etcetera But some adults prefer group learning. They feel that acting with a group is more ripe to their learning than listening in class. This paper briefly explains adult group learning.McKeachie found significant relationships amid attitude change and changes in perception of the group norms (Gibb, n. d, p.256). Moreover, Brewer et al (2003) have mentioned that the opportunity to work in small informal groups provides an avenue to interact with peers, fulfilling the needs of some adul t learners with a soaring affiliation motive (Brewer et al, 2003) The attitude of the adults towards group learning is extremely domineering. Man is a social animal. It is surd for a person to live in this society without having the assistance from others. Same way, there are limitations for a person to learn things independently. While learning in groups adults will attain more enthusiasm and positive attitude towards their learning compared to learning independently.Moreover, face to face contact with groups tended to retain beliefs even after these beliefs shown to be without foundation (Gibb, n. d, p.256). It is a fact that all the people like the company of peers for everything. While working, playing, studying, people forever like the company of others who are similar in their ages. Same way while learning also adults like the company of adults. It is difficult for an adult to learn in the company of younger people as young people might tease him or harass him. On the othe r hand he will be more comfortable in the company of

The integration of the philosophical foundations of human rights Thesis

The integration of the philosophic foundations of human rights - Thesis physical exertionSince the traditional period, the practical or rather the political arguments with regards to human rights have been provided with due concern, apparently to a greater extent than the philosophist or the theoretical explanations. One such significance behind providing comparatively lesser significance towards philosophical explanations concerning human rights can be identified as the complex presentation of the related to theories. Since the philosophist have presented the theories related to human rights in multi-dimensional perspectives, it becomes quite difficult to apply its assumptions critically linking with the practical or political arguments. Thus, apparent motion needs to be made in tell to minimise the complexities in the philosophical views of human rights with the tendency to reduce challenge in terms of implementation (Freeman, The Philosophical Foundation of Human Rights).The re must be integration between the theoretical views as well as the practical views in order to gain a comprehensive perspective related to human rights However, this integration can prove to be highly complicated in order to present a comprehensive explanation of the conception from some(prenominal) the perspective of political and philosophical. It is in this context that the activists who are under pressure to rescue individual from threatening injustice tends to pay low priority towards the theoretical views rendering comparatively greater emphasis towards philosophist theories when weighed against the capriciousness presented by politicians to emphasise over practical arguments proportionately by a large extent. However, those approaching the philosophers, for evolution an in depth understanding of the theoretical perspective regarding human rights, might be disappointed owe to the fact that theoretical or philosophical arguments are uncertain (Freeman, The Philosophical F oundation of Human Rights).The

Human Resource Case Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Human Resource Case Studies - Essay ExampleImplementation of pay honor legislation for state jobs in some states of US such as Minnesota (Pay Equity and corresponding Worth) as well as some provinces in Canada brought pressure on the human election managers in private sector to implement similar schemes. The pressure stems from the fact that these companies compete in the same food market for human resources. This pressure and its implications in implementation are evident in the discussion between Janet sawyer beetle and Charles Cooper in the case study.Two levels of challenges can be identified in alike(p) value implementation in an organization. The first is at the planning phase and relates to whether any comparable worth broadcast is actually fair and accurate or not ? The second level is at the implementation stage and questions whether these changes are perceived to be fair ?Adjusting pay for equally valued jobs lies at the core of the comparable worth concept. While sev eral approaches have been taken, studies show that evaluation procedures to measure inherent worth of jobs do not always produce accurate results nor can be defined objectively (Arnault et al 806-815). It is alike claimed that traditional job evaluation systems inherently contain a sex bias (Bose and Spitze 184). Human resource managers face their first challenge in ensuring that their measurement of value for jobs is accurate and fair, free of bias, and must distinguish the right parameters, studies and consultants to reach their conclusions.The second challenge arises once the program is being implemented. While the program is aimed at bringing equity in compensation for a disadvantaged group, changes in the usual wage addition patterns may introduce a perception of inequitable distribution in other groups (Koziara 14). For instance, Koziara notes that higher stipendiary groups may perceive that any wage increases for women are being made at the cost of their potentiality wag e increase or that they may even face pay cuts.The

International Trade Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International Trade Law - engagement ExampleThe hunting of tenders in Canada in the adjoining waters of the Arctic Ocean is believed to have begun in the 16th century. Seal hunting for commercialized purposes grew into an important trade in the 1980s decade in Canada. This mainly includes the Inuit group of people, the residents of Atlantic Canada and also North Canada. The United Nations in its Declaration on the Rights of innate Peoples has recognized this varnish hunting practice as a means of livelihood for the Canadian residents. gibe to an estimate in 2005, about 329,829 harp seals were killed by the indigenous people of Atlantic Canada and Quebec. They also produced $ 15.43 one million million million worth of merchandises of identifiable seal products. The extent and importance of the seal hunting trade in Canada renders it truly difficult for the Canadian authorities to pronounce an end to this practice. The European Union bans Seal ProductsCanada was supposed to n ame a summit meeting with the European Union to discuss further prospects of trade mingled with the 2 countries and open up new markets. On 16 September 2009, the European Parliament and the European Communities declare a Regulation (EC) No. 1007/2009 stating a prohibition in the import and sale of all seal products manufactured from the commercial hunting of seals.... eal hunts carried out in a traditional practice by the Inuits and another(prenominal) indigenous communities and byproducts from similar regulated hunts, would be allowed to trade in the European Union.2 The Canadian Government verbalised its disappointment on the development and vowed to take the issue to the World Trade Organization (WTO).3 Canada was of the opinion that in the case the EU imposed a restriction on seal products made out of commercial hunting, the country should be exempted from it since Canada followed strict guidelines to ensure that the seal hunting methods in the country were humane and were sustainable in the long run. The Effects of Such a Regulation According to the European Commission, the trade exchanges between Canada and the European Union are worth around EUR 70 trillion or $ 93 billion in a single year. If the Canada and the European Union agreed to expand their bilateral trade, this could generate an additional trade exchange worth EUR 20 billion. However, the EU Regulation regarding the prohibition of the import and sale of seal related products from commercial hunting, in the EU markets could have serious implications for the bilateral trade between the ii countries. Once the Regulation (EC) No. 1007/2009 comes into effect, the value of seal products imported by the EU from Canada will lower drastically, as then but the seal products made out of legitimate hunting methods will only be permissible to enter the EU market. Therefore, Canada will be compelled to turn to other countries of the world for the export of its seal products, following the decline of the EU as one of its important importers in this trade 4 Canadas Arguments On 2 November, 2009, Canada expressed its desire to engage in a consultation with the European Communities regarding

Sustainability in the Hotel Industry Assignment

Sustainability in the Hotel Industry - Assignment ExampleThe hotel industry forms an integral part of the tourism industry and if it is not managed properly could cause detrimental to the natural and social environment. and then to reduce the impact, hotels are adopting the go parking lot initiative. Until recently the hotel industry has been unaware of the environmental damage that it represent to the environment due to its operations and services. However the last two decades have bought about tremendous adjustment and created awareness among the populace and in the evolution of green consumerism. Therefore to achieve greater environmental responsibility, hotel industries are implementing the relevant strategies and tools. The hoteliers are aware that it is essential to protect the environment where it does its coach-and-fouriness and are crucial towards the development and performance of the industry. According to reports by Bohdanowicz et al. there exist a huge number of examples which shows the development of pro-ecological initiatives.1 With uninterrupted growth in environmental degradation, society has become aware of the needs for adopting more effective bank bill towards protection of the environment. Sustainable development has therefore become vital priority as well contend in the competitive environment. The aimability issue should be addressed at all the levels ranging from the policy makers, industry, academia, and the general public and other stakeholders. The global tourism industry is expected to grow at a rate of 2.8% in 2012 and willing represent 9% of the global GDP. The hotel and tourism industry is expected to contribute about $10 trillion to the growth of global economy by 2022 and generate... To conclude it can be said that vacation Inn has implemented the going green strategies and has performed well in implementing the practices and this is evident as the hotel is a demonstrate green lodging hotel and has also received a wards for environmental sustainability. Holiday inn has taken into consideration the cycle process and conservation of consumption and waste. However, it is still important to keep inventing the going green process and sustain in the industry and achieve a competitive advantage. Some of the recommendation includes as follows, Installation of the green roof will help to mitigate the effect of heat island and also helps to reduce the amount of strength to be required to heat or cool the rooms. Apart from providing environmental benefits, the green roof of the hotel will serve as a commitment of commitment towards sustainability and will provide the guest with a conjunction with nature. Secondly, the hotel can provide environmentally friendly transportation for the guest. The transportation will provide fuel businesslike and environmentally friendly environment to travel to the desired place by the guest. The low emission and eco-friendly bus would reduce vehicle emission, lighter traffic and a convenient way to travel for the guests. Thirdly, the hotel can put together high-efficiency plumbing fixtures along with water reduction by implementing much more efficient fixtures, appliances and water landscape gardening outside the hotels to preserve water and reuse it.

Minorities in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Minorities in the UK - Essay ExampleHowever, there atomic number 18 several factors which seem incomplete in the overall claim on the part of the locals. The first mavin is that the identity of C is known which does not violate the same point in the Act. In this vein, 187B of the 1990 townsfolk and Country Planning Act Part 3 states Rules of court may provide for such an enjoinment to be departured against a person whose identity is unknown.1 This is wherefore the local potence made a commodious mistake at imposing an illegal breach of planning toward the identified person in property strictly with the law. On the other hand, the fact that C bought that piece of land is more than just weighty. She must get through a host of different executive bodies to make it her private property. Thus, if the local authority disregards the fact of purchasing land, then it disregards and sincerely diabolics the work of officials responsible for selling land to C. All in all, it is a provo king point addressed to the overall executive branch of power. It also does harm to the classless freedoms proclaimed and parcel of landd by the British government. As a result, it is a serious violation of the law. disregardless of the fact that C is of Roma decent, she is an owner. By and large, there is a universal norm on justifying the nucleus of private property and disciplines of individuals, namely Property rights is an index of the degree to which the government enforces laws that protect private property.2 Thus, the eviction is not permissible. To say more, the case is all about some discriminatory nature nurtured highly on the part of the local authority. C wants to station her caravans in order to provide her children with suffice healthcare and breeding which is within easy reach. This is the next hallmark of the discussion. Once again, here is the fact of straight-forward discrimination toward Roma concourse in the UK. In this respect the High Court should take it into account since it would be a blame for EU and the UK, in particular. Equality in rights is needed to keep the social equilibrium. However, it is a case for EU, as the British government lobbied on issues concerned with equal access to education, employment and housing for Roma people.3 This is why the case of C should be considered in terms of international commission on the human rights and the right for housing, in particular. What is more, the fact that C could buy the piece of the land in the London Green bam makes it possible to suppose that she has a host of other rights. According to the ECSR and the Committee on Human Rights in Europe, the right to housing permits the exercise of many other rights civil and political as well as economic, social and cultural rights.4 Hereby, C is eligible in taking her part while solving the issue of stationing her caravans near the local school and healthcare facilities. Roma people and other indigenous ethnical groups nutrition i n the UK are also protected by the OSCE conventions on their sustainable integration.5 Hence, it is another standpoint to deliberate of by the High Court while considering the merits of the case. Along with the undeniable fact of purchasing and owning the land, C is allowed to share the rest of the amenities as declared by the Council of Europes Framework Convention for the tribute of National Minorities which the UK belongs to.6 Thus, the UK government cannot disregard a set of obligations based on the international

A7 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A7 - Assignment ExampleWhen talking most permanent employment, public employers have a responsibility to go forth the employees with a secure and predictable solitude plan. This is because the employer will most likely work with the employee for all his or her working years until he or she retires. In this perspective, the employer has the chance to plan with the employee for his or her retreat based on the position that the employee holds in the presidency (Walsh, 2006). Even where the employee may leave the place of work for another place or be open fire because of misconduct, the employer still has a responsibility to provide a secure plan so that the employee knows this beforehand. The plan mint be cancelled when the employee leaves ahead of time.Public employers do not have a responsibility to provide employees with a secure and predictable retirement plan where the employee works for a short-term contract or where the organization offers employment only on short-term cont ract plans. In this perspective, it will be ticklish to provide such a plan because the employee will not stay with the company until they retire.As overmuch as the public employer might have the responsibility to provide employees with a secure and predictable retirement plan, employees must also plan for themselves because the organization might close down any time at bottom the employment period because of money problems or other issues. This would definitely put pressure on the employee in case he or she did not have a proper retirement plan.Comment on first thread the writer comments on the issue in an excellent manner because he cogitate current practice to past practice. He also links the issue with the current problems making it operose for retirement plans to work.Comment on thread two while the second thread is short, the writer offers reasons as to why he feels that public employers should provide their employees with a secure and predictable retirement plan. The

Attraction Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Attraction Management - Assignment ExampleThe train of security that is put in place in the 02 electron orbit was the very important feature for the visitors, the accompaniment that the Arena is fast enough and it goat hold almost 23,000 people it can be a terror target. This is a very important feature as it makes the people feel secure as they are at the 02 Arena. The market target was the very important aspect for attraction, the various businesses and the events in the world can attract all sort of ages. The movies can attract kids, the musical events are capable of attracting teenagers, and the casinos can attract those who are not in their youthful years. Major events such as hosting prominent and sporting musicians, like Justin Timberlake, Beyonc were a very strong tool for attraction. Holding events such as the Paralympic games also makes the Arena to be known and the venue will be in the mouth of many effectiveness visitors. The geometric shape of the 02 Arena that i s dome-shaped was very attractive and it brought upon experience to a majority of the people. Controlling the behavior of the disdain is the very important aspect of attraction management, this can be achieved by making sure factors such. The tractableness of the arena was very catchy and this has attracted many because they think and try to figure out how distinguishable events that of different nature can be held in one Arena. Employees of the area were and are very supportive, there is an cost-efficient call center within the area that cant take any query presented by a potential client.

Job Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Job Analysis - Assignment Exampletheir job (5) Log records/Daily diary where employees suffer daily records and job compend lot be done from the recorded information (Prien, Goodstein, Goodstein, & Gamble, 2009). The job analysis method that was used in this case was the personal observation method. The rationale for using this method is that it is reusable for gaining a deeper understanding of the job activities and very useful in manual activities (Wolper, 2004) like those done by the staff registered nurse. I requested an expert to observe and record everything I did. The activities that were recorded allow victorious care of both in long-sufferings and out patients, planning and coordinating clinic activities, patient evaluation and monitoring of vital signs, do IV placements and phlebotomy, general administration of medications and developing nursing care plans and counseling patients. In conducting these activities the following equipment were place as very important. T hey include stethoscope for checking heart, lung and bowel sounds thermometer for making temperature readings sphygmomanometers for checking oxygen levels blood pressure cuffs syringes, bladder readout machines. The equipment were set as basic and important for daily use. The working conditions at the local community hospital can be described generally as good but there are only deuce registered nurses making the job tedious because of the many number of patients to handle in a day. The working memorial is fixed as one has to work continuously without breaks. The management on the other hand is non very supportive as the hospital lacks equipment and personnel making the job strenuous. Some of the skills and abilities required include knowledge of medicine and medical terminology, service skills, time management skills interpersonal skills power to maintain confidentiality, ability to educate, and the ability to respond to emergency situations. Job description and revision The fol lowing is my job description as a staff registered nurse at the local community hospital which is a replica of most(prenominal) staff registered nurses in any other hospital. The Job tasks and responsibilities include the following (1) ensuring the efficient and coordinated clinic feed through the coordination and planning of clinic activities communicating patient needs making referrals (2) Delivering direct patient care assessing patients physical, psychosocial and emotional well-being monitoring and reporting to the mendelevium of the patients status responding to patients telephone calls and messages and reporting to the physician any emergencies ordering patients supplies stocking and replenishing the patient

Systematic and Unsystematic Risks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Systematic and Un organized Risks - Essay ExampleThis makes multi-national corporations safer compared to their domestic counterparts. Normally, carcassatic endangerment assessment are important for listed companies to legally price the equities, de end pointining the cost of with child(p) and effective evaluation of projects. However, internationalization also poses some distinct authoritative risks to multi-national corporations. Some of these distinct risks are - picture to currency fluctuations in bigeminal countries, exposure to political risks pertaining to multiple governments, exposure to reduction in cleverness of monitoring takers in multiple countries, increased chances of asymmetric & inaccurate localized information thus resulting in wrong investment decisions, etc. Internationalizing investment portfolios also increases the exposure to unsystematic risks - like competitor military action in a foreign country, managers foul play in another country where the com panys monitoring system is weak, etc. Hence, it is important for the organization to have sound global knowledge base & threat database for risk management.Organization structures with distri besidesed force out often increases the exposure to both systematic and non-systematic risks. This is the reason that Chatterjee and Lubatkin et al (1992. pp155) felt that steep mergers reduces the exposure to both systematic and non-systematic risks. They also observed that vertically integrated companies are able to manage lower cost of capitals thus enabling the integrated company to participate in a wider make up of opportunities. Hence, multi-national companies with centralized corporate governance and risk management possess lesser exposure to both systematic and unsystematic risks compared to companies having distributed (country specific) risk management & power structures.Cornell (1999. pp198-199) presented a correlation between risk duration and capital budgeting stating that long term projects may be having higher risks if the variations in cash flow is stochastic in nature. Such projects make estimations of discounted cash flow quite difficult and hence the author recommended discounting of long term projects at higher rates. This is the reason that investors normally prefer to invest in short term projects guaranteeing riotous returns. Discussions on Risk Management in DeloitteThe above analysis of risk exposures of multi-national corporations has been carried out to build analogy with Deloitte in which the author works as partner in Croatia. Deloitte is the largest and oldest multi-national corporation in risk consultive and audit services. Deloitte operates in multiple countries across the world through a tightly controlled Franchisee model in which local entrepreneurs are allowed to manage local business based on local market strategies but the risk management, code of conduct and operating methodology is largely governed globally by centralized powe r centers. The organization possesses a global knowledge base for risk management and allows diversification of portfolios in multiple coun

Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concepts - experiment Exampleonly way inmates can deal with these problems is by resorting to the facilities provided them by the informal prisoner subculture as their only hope in order to have a semblance of normal life.The inmates take on lifestyles and roles similar to those they had in the free-world and form associations as they would have on the outside. New inmates must adhere to the usance if they wish to fit in and to be respected by their counterparts and ensure personal security for themselves. In such(prenominal) a criminal environment, social hierarchy is determined by the extent of criminal conduct. A hardened criminal who displays a complete disregard for the law through demeanor and actions, is considered a cornerstone up guy. Fanatical allegiance to the code is looked upon with respect and fear.of indigenous politics. Courts have passed several judgments granting the prisoners rights such as the freedom to practice and preach religion, a practice which has been m isused widely by groups and leadership for gaining prominence. There are several roles that the prisoners take on. Drug suppliers, strong arms, brains, pimps, jailhouse prostitutes, etc., are some of the roles in a prison society. A fish or a new inmate is expected to conclude from interfering in dealings. A weak inmate is often abused sexually or physically by a strong inmate. Most inmates are active participants in the system and form a link in the chain of internal politics in one way or another. some(a) inmates might resort to keeping to themselves while taking care not to offend others by viewing them down or challenging their authority. Not borrowing or lending, abstaining from gambling, not accepting favors, etc., is a unafraid way of serving a sentence.Privileges like visitation rights, telephone and mail has made it easy for inmates to smuggle contraband, and the trade in these, most of which are goods easily available outside but are considered luxuries inside the wall s of a jail, has given birth to a

Understanding of the Relevant Literature on the Skills Managers Dissertation

Understanding of the Relevant Literature on the Skills Managers Require in the 21st Century - Dissertation ExampleUnderstanding of the Relevant Literature on the Skills Managers Require in the 21st CenturyHowever, it is primary(prenominal) to remember that the present age has current facets that are critical for the caller-outs success. Businesses nowadays are strongly influenced by globalisation and technological innovation. Hence, in order for managers to be effective, they must be capable of managing the forces that has characterized the new century. Moreover, since the new business age is very dynamic, it is therefore important for the managers of today to be more nimble and agile in order to anticipate and act quick on the changes before they are pushed into obsolescence. That way, they can capture opportunities as they are realized or keep back against threats as they emerge. Moreover, globalisation has demanded that managers become able to manage a diverse workforce as more and more companies are expanding overseas (Khatri and Ong, 1999). Hence there has been an increase in the demands of managers to go beyond their talents and skills to cover that they are able to innovate themselves since this is basically the game that companies and managers have to play in the 21st century. The new century has offered new and exciting challenges for businesses all over the world. The massive improvements in technology have greatly helped in the advancement of communications and selective information capabilities of countries, companies and individuals worldwide. Basically, this has put an end to the industrial age and heralded the information age which has even brought to fore a new breed of employees, the knowledge workers. These people have radically changed the manner of doing things wherein the office hours as well as office spaces have been practically taken step to the fore of the equation (Serrat, 2008). This is all the more demanding if the company is trying to get and maintain a global social movement since there is the inescapable need to source out manpower from the different countries from which they operate in as well as to be able to maintain this global workforce. Moreover, there has been a general shift from solely focusing on the financial indicators as the sole measure of the strategic success of a company. Kaplan and Norton (2005) have shed light on the lack of capability of measuring the success of a companys strategy by basing on the financials alone. According to these Harvard business thinkers, it is important to have a equilibrize view of the lagging as well as the leading indicators in order to right on dope the companys overall situation. Hence, they have brought forward the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in order to properly capture these indicators in their four perspectives which are the Learning & Growth, Internal Business Process, Customer and of course the fiscal Perspective. All these provide a conflue nce of indicators for the company to properly analyze their situation and make changes, if necessary, in order to ensure that they remain on track with their targets. However, all these goes to show the increasing demands to the managers of the 21st century wherein there seems to be a shift towards the capability to multi-task and be able to adapt to the fast-paced and multicultural business environment of today. Aim The purpose of this paper is to

CBRN Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear weapons Essay

CBRN Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear weapons - Essay vitrineIn the modern context, political instability is a serious problem because one can non expect an volcanic state to be responsible towards humanity.Comparing with nuclear weapons, radiological weapons are with less capacity to arrive at severe damage. To be specific, this sort of weapons is generally used to create chaos among the mass. Within this scenario, world nations comical that notorious terrorist organizations may make use of this weapon to intimidate humanity. For instance, the Padilla case (2002) proves that terrorist groups move over worldwide engagement and are strong enough to use radiological weapons. To be specific, the government suspected that Padilla may read in jihad because he is trained to handle radiological weapons. Besides, this person is closely related to the leadership within Al- infrastructure. So, the Padilla case proves that terrorist groups may make use of civilians to handle rad ioactive weapons.In my opinion, Al-Qaeda possesses scotch capability to plot and conduct a severe attack using radiological weapon. Shane (2010) states that, Al Qaeda is on the march again, targeting the country from within and without, and your hapless government cannot protect you (p. A1). To be specific, the revenue from cover trade in the Middle East supports Al-Qaeda. So, one can see that economic capability is not a serious problem for the terrorist organizations. On the other side, the former satellite nations related to Russia (USSR) may have weapons (say, nuclear) and the terrorist organizations can easily influence these nations. Besides, the terrorist organizations make use of religious ideology to attract individuals who live in U.S. and other western nations. Mendelsohn (2009) states that, Al Qaeda has never disguised its desire to acquire weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear capabilities (p.77). So, I rate the threat of radiological weapons as high risk bec ause

Future Concerns - Gattaca and Fahrenheit 451 Essay Example for Free

Future Concerns Gattaca and Fahrenheit 451 EssayPopular fictions texts expressing debates of the future educate audiences rough current issues and the dystopias that develop from them. Texts such as the film Gattaca, enjoin by Andrew Niccol and novel Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury explore futuristic socie fetters and the implications that become of their innovation. Although entertaining, texts such as these are didactic and must be take forn seriously, as they communicate messages to audiences regarding prevalent concerns and possible futures based on societys choices.Gattaca (1995) directed by Andrew Niccol, fol abjects the story of the underdog Vincent, who is challenged by genetic discrimination against in? valids like himself. Through an elaborate indistinguishability switch and the help of genetically advantaged Jerome, Vincent prevails to achieve his dreams and find his place at Gattaca Space Station. Niccol utilises conventions of film to lead messages to the audie nce by highlighting issues relevant to the context of production.Gattaca incorporates many themes which highlight the corruption and inequality in this strange, new world. Niccol explores concepts such as elitism, perfection, inequity and modernism. This film opens with two contrasting epigraphs, which entices viewers interest into incorrupt themes in Gattaca. The first quote reads Consider Gods handiwork Who can straighten what He hath made crooked? Ecclesiastes 7. 13. An interpretation of this quote is that life is intended to be left alone to take its course, which is contradictory to many ideas in Gattaca.The quote following reads I not only think that we go forth tamper with Mother Nature, I think Mother wants us to. Willard Gaylin. This presents audiences with differing opinions to contemplate as they consider what scientific advancements their own future holds, watching Vincent in his. The opening scene is an extreme close up snap bean of Vincents fingernails, hair folli cles and loose skin, against a blue cubicle. The extreme close up shot suggests wideness as the camera foc holds in on the subject matter, emphasising the significance of Vincents DNA.Sterility and cleanliness is suggested by the use of cold, deep blue hues. The use of blue is constant throughout the film, as is the significance in detail. These concepts tie to other scenes, such as The Eyelash, where Vincents own invalid eyelash is discovered during a murder investigation. This concept highlights the precision of technology in the future, and that life with such structure becomes complicated. Audiences can get hold of lessons from examples such as these scenes s they can relate the situations Vincent is put in with possible futures based on the direction society is heading in present times. Another effective technique demonstrated by Niccol is the first person narration by the central character, Vincent. This is important for the development in the movie, as Vincent is the athle tic supporter we are encouraged to empathise with. Therefore, the use of bias narration and perspective is effective in supporting the ideas presented in the film.Following the opening scene is The Not Too Distant Future, which cuts to a low angle shot looking up to the bold, symmetrical lines of the building. In this shot, Gattaca is shaded in black and grey tones, in like manner indicating the power and formality of the institution. As the camera tilts down, the strong lines and colouring remain constant as view of the staff are also brought into the frame. Directors have dressed actors in blue business suits, again, enforcing the concept of formality, amity and sterility.The uniformed staff are very bland and indistinguishable from one another in their uniformed clothing. Silence is broken by the rising volume of diagetic sound effects, such as the beeping sound of recognized valids through the turnstile, as well as an anonymous greeting by a placid female voice Welcome to Gattaca. These techniques develop the idea that society has become lifeless and black and white, as Gattaca presents characters as clinical and robotic products of genetic modification, teaching audiences about social issues that relate to futures.

Theories of motivation Essay Example for Free

Theories of motivation EssayBarbara Ehrenreichs Nickel and Dimed clearly showed us how difficult it was for the get 20% population of the States to alone survive an entire day. tending(p) the fact that it was during the years 1998 and 2000 that America had its glorious economic boom, it cannot be denied that Ehrenreichs novel brought to us a wakeup call to mankind. On how she opposed to merely pay for her carry or make up to get herself enough food to eat is something that a dance band of Americans are actually experiencing, especially this instant that we are in the state of recession. If Ehrenreich had conducted her examine in the present, I believe, she would turn out gotten a worse and more difficult experience. The state of Americas economy now is something far from promisingnot only for Americans but also to everyone else throughout the globe. It can never be denied that whatever the state of a countrys economy is there will always be a greater percentage of flo ck who belong to the base of the economic triangle. Those people are the ones who struggle to merely have a bed to sleep on at night or even food to eat for the day.They are the ones who push themselves to the limitphysically and mentally that to survive. Back in 1998, America was considered as one of the best economical refuge of people from different countries. A unwaveringlyening of Asians, Latin Americans, Australians and even Europeans alike venture to the United States to find a better state of living. Nowadays, however, most of those people are starting to leave the country to go back to their homeland due to the choppy loss of caprioles and affordable places to live in.This is one proof that indeed, compared to before, the economy of the United States has gotten worse and if Ehrenreich did conduct her experiment in the present, shed definitely have a weightyer time. In 1998, 1-star motel rent rates of the US ranged from $13 to $20 a night, depending on the location of t he motel and the services that were included with the rent, such as TV, telephone, security, etc. These motels unremarkably were badly kept, needed serious repair and didnt even provide the basic needs of the normal customer. These were the types of motels that a usual low- take homeless worker goes to stay.In the present, 1-star motel rates are actually practically heavy compared to before, ranging from $55 to $90 a night, with the fact that less motels are available now due to the change magnitude instability rate of Americas economy. Given those facts, if Ehrenreich would have conducted her experiment in the present, her come abouts of finding a cheap will-do place would be smaller. Shed have to struggle into either working extremely hard to pay the rents of the most available motel she could find or stay nights in her car for the moments that she didnt have a place to stay.Of course, Ehrenreichs chances of surviving in the present would vary greatly depending on her wages. With the reality that wages are a bit higher nowadays compared to before, Ehrenreich would still be having a hard time. In 1998 to 2000, minimum wages were around $6 to $7 an hour and having only one job is not enough to pay for anyones calendar monthly rentadd to that food, medics, gas and all the new(prenominal) basic necessities. During the experiment, Ehrenreich struggled from being a waitress to a housekeeper to a dietician and in every month that she had her experiment, she always had to have two jobs just for her to pay the monthly rent.As time goes by, the rich reproduce in number, twice as much for the poor and like what Ehrenreich said in her novel, low price apartments and motels are being replaced by expensive condominiums and apartments, forcing people to rent spaces that they cannot even afford with merely just one or two jobs. If Ehrenreich were to conduct her experiment in the present, she would likewise be hurtled to rent a space thats either near her workplace or quite available, which however would force her to choose between extremely expensive and quite affordable. According to Time Magazine, the hourly minimum wage was increased by .85 cents back in 2007. This happened to be a relief for some people who were working in companies that somewhat considered their employees for good compensation. In some small businesses, however, like Laundromats, Supermarkets and Salons, not much change were seen. Employees who worked under such industries had wages that averaged to only $3 per hour. Given this scenario plus the sudden spellbind of unemployment in America due to fluctuating prices of basic necessities we could pretty much say that Ehrenreichs chance of survival drops to nearly impossible.Simply put, Barbara Ehrenreichs experiment would definitely have different results if she had conducted it in the present. Given the facts of unemployment, fluctuating prices and lack of available resources, Ehrenreichs chance of survival would be less compared to before. Today is precisely a much harder time to live. We are living in a world thats crueler than before. last is much more difficult, living is truly tiring. America is now a different country, offering go for to some and none to almost everyone.Works CitedEhrenreich, Barbara. Nickel and Dimed On (Not) Getting By America. USA metropolitan Books, 2001. Hansen, Randall S. Surviving and Moving Beyond Low-Wage Jobs Solutions for an Invisible Workforce in America. 14 November 2008. http//www. quintcareers. com/surviving_low-wage_jobs. html. Caplan, Jeremy and Fitzpatrick, Laura. The Worst Jobs in America. Time. 30 July 2007. 14 November 2008. http//www. time. com/time/business/article/0,8599,1648055,00. html? imw=Y.

Population Change In Province Of Canada Essay Example for Free

Population Change In responsibleness Of Canada EssayIntroductionAs per the Canadas Performance Report 2006 life expectancy in Canada reached to 79.9 eld as comp ared to 77.8 years in 1991. A woman born in 2003 can expect higher rank up to 82.4 years whereas a mans life expectancy would be 77.4 years. Statistics Canada, The Daily, December 21, 2005 states that women are expected to live 5 years longer than men. At present, Canadians describe wellness as resplendent, very good which has increased in the recent years of 2003 and 2005.Canadians who are at age 12 and older, state that good health is being enjoyed which has risen from 59. 6 per cent (2003) to 65.5 per cent (2005). The overall health portionage in Canadians stating as good declined from 29.7 percent (2003) to 27.5 percent (2005). Canadians who rate health as honest or poor also declined from 10.6 percent (2003) to 6.9 percent (2005). This segment of tribe mostly belongs to lower direct of income, improper sched ules of exercise, poor education and old age. (Canada Statistics, 2006) . According to Canadian Institute of Health Information, Canada spent $142.0 million on health care in 2005, an increase of $12.0 from the year 2004, an average spending of $4,411 per person.Infant mortality has dropped in the previous decade from 6.4 deaths per 1,000 births (1991) to 5.3 / 1000 births (2003) . Crime percentage in murder, homicide, and robbery in Canada declined to 5.0 percent (2005) and police get over 1.2 million property crimes in 2005. Youth crime between the age 12-17 has diminish by 6.0 percent in the year 2005 while homicides are on the rise in Ontario and Alberta.The population of Canada by commonwealth as on April 1, 2007SnoProvinceAbbr.Population% of national populationAlbertaAB3,473,98410.5British ColumbiaBC4,380,25613.2ManitobaMB1,186,6793.6New BrunswickNB749,7822.3Newfoundland and LabradorNL506,2751.5Northwest TerritoriesNT42,6370.1Nova ScatiaNS934,1472.8NunavutNU31,1130.1Ontar ioON12,803,86138.8Prince Edward IslandPE138,6270.4QuebecQC7,700,80723.4SaskatchewanSK996,8693.0YukonYT30,9890.1As recorded by Canadas national Statistical Agency in population statistics1991-1996 Total No.of births 1,936,000 No.of deaths 1,024,0001996-2001 Total No.of births 1,705,000 No.of deaths 1,089,000Total no.of births by province from the period 2002-2007Province2002-032003-042004-052005-062006-07Canada330,523337,762339,270345,355352,848Newfoundland and Labrador4,5964,5984,5434,4434,326Prince Edward Island1,3741,4031,3711,3431,348Nova Scotia8,6358,7138,5758,4998,382New Brunswick7,1047,0726,8746,8406,728Quebec72,27374,36475,42278,47183,150Ontario129,256132,874132,796133,961134,141Manitoba13,76513,98114,03114,13614,166Saskatchewan11,79412,12111,91511,92511,918Alberta39,45040,63541,34542,87544,661British Columbia40,53440,20540,63141,13542,306Yukon Territory322374340319311Northwest Territories658697705699678Nunavut762725722709733Total no.of deaths by province from the period 2 002-2007Province2002-032003-042004-052005-062006-07Canada223,905228,829229,372230,687237,931Newfoundland and Labrador4,2764,2544,3574,4534,549Prince Edward Island1,2171,2251,2361,2601,282Nova Scotia7,9448,2698,3298,4918,654New Brunswick6,1816,3736,3196,4536,589Quebec54,89656,41156,04153,35055,950Ontario83,41084,one hundred fifty-five84,49587,18189,737Manitoba9,8529,8949,98910,13010,272Saskatchewan8,8809,1308,9008,9759,079Alberta18,09818,77519,00419,75720,581British Columbia28,69429,86330,25430,17430,761Yukon Territory145158169177182Northwest Territories183188155159163Nunavut129134124127132ConclusionA close observation on birth and death rate in Canada if noticed, reveals a fact that birth rate is on the rise whereas death rate is on the declining side, which is a offset hand information that Canada is concentrating on health sector of its population, in the first instance and secondly the causes for subdued reducing the death rate can be controlled by effective measures of police control in crime and also in opening rehabilitation centers for youth and children for getting therapy treatment from undertaking anti-social elements such(prenominal) as theft, robbery, murder or homicide. Canada being an attractive destination for immigration, the future population is expected to be on the rise as there was a tremendous potential for employment growth in the year 2005.References Canadas performance Report 2006 Annex 3 Indicators and Additional InformationAccessed 14 November, 2007http//www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/report/govrev/06/ann301-PR_e.asp?printable=TrueCanadas National statistical Agency, Population growth and components (1851-2001)Accessed 14 November, 2007http//www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo03.htmCanadas National Statistical AgencyAccessed 14 November, 2007http//www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo02.htmCanadas National Statistical Agency, Birth and birth rate by province and territoryhttp//www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo04a.htmCanadas National Statistical Agency, De ath and death rate by province and territoryhttp//www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/demo07a.htmList of Canadian provinces and territories by populationAccessed 14 November, 2007http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Canadian_provinces_and_territories_by_populationPopulation estimates and projectionsAccessed 14 November, 2007http//www40.statcan.ca/l01/ind01/l3_3867_3433.htm?hili_demo02

Womenwomen Empowerment Through Self Help Group Essay Example for Free

Womenwomen Empowerment Through Self Help Group EssayThe present aim is an attempt to analyse the role and performance of SHGs in promoting womens empowerment in Thiruv every(prenominal)ur District , Tamil nadu. The gigantic objective ofthe study is to analyses the operating system of SHGs for mobilization of saving,delivery of credit to the needy, management of group funds, repayment of loans, in building up leadership,establishing linkage with banks and examine the companionable benefits derived by the members. In recount to collect and stack up primary data, field observation and structure questionnaire survey methods were employed. In addition, in physical composition was also collected by means of discussions and interviews with local NGOs and governments grass roots level workers. The Mahalir Thittam was implemented in Phase I during the Year 1997-98 in Thiruvallur district. In Thiruvallur District there are 539 village Panchayat (Grama Panchayat). SHGs are formed in a ll Village Panchayat and the number of Self Help Groups will be from 3 to 11. In order to reduce the dependency of SHGs on its project partners, it has been decided to form Panchayat Level Federation in every Village Panchayats.The Panchayat Level Federation will consist of the members of the representatives from various SHGs in that particulars Village Panchayats. At present, there are 296 PLFs in Thiruvallur District compressing of 2106 Self Help Groups. The study reveals that SHGs had decorate a new agenda for financial intermediation by banks in the form of micro-credit. By the formation of SHGs, credits are demanded for various purposes (domestic, health, festivals, repayment of old debts, investment, etc. ).Similarly different economic activities Manufacturing of make-up Cup ,Jute Bag ,Catering Technology,Leather and Rexene ,Tailoring,Herbal Products ,Beauty Parlour,Soap Manufacturing,Agarbathi ,Diary products, Screen Printing are undertaken by the SHG members after joining the group. Habits of savings, economic independence, self-importance confidence, social cohesion, asset ownership, freedom from debt, additional employment, etc. benefits are derived by the SHG members. Thus, SHGs have served the cause of women empowerment, social solidarity and socio-economic betterment of the poor for their consolidation.

Lockheed management Essay Example for Free

Lockheed management EssayWe examined the decision to invest in the Tri-Star project by forecasting the money flow associated with the project for a volume of 210 planes. We also asked what a valid estimate of the NPV of the Tri-Star project at a volume of 210 planes as of 1967 would be. We found this to be -$584 M. This was clearly an unacceptable NPV for capital budgeting on the project. A break-even analysis revealed that the project reached economic break-even with the production of 275 planes at . 5 M per unit but did not reach value break-even at that level of production. Despite industry analysts predicting 300 units as Lockheeds break-even sales point, at this level, net present value remained insufficient to cover costs at negative $274 million.If the come with had performed a true value break-even analysis, management would excite realized that roughly 400 Tri Star aircraft (about 67 per year for six years) costing somewhere between $11.75 million and $12 million per unit would have to be sold in order to break even. The investment decision made by Lockheed to conform to the Tri Star program was not a reasonable one. A true value analysis shows that at the production level of 210 units, the project would result in an economic loss of $584.05 million and a get ahead loss of $480 million. In addition to miscalculating the break-even level of production, Lockheed management overestimated the growth rate of air travel industry.

Heterosexual Marriage Essay Example for Free

Hetero enkindleual Marriage EssayIn our time we can see different sex marriages homosexual and heterosexual person, but which one is better for us. none of us would be in the world if we didnt take on a beat and cause. God created a humans and a woman as the top of his creativity. As they say a woman completes a man and a man completes a woman. This is openness to a new life, which implies a necessity of heterosexual union. In my opinion, the word marriage should only obligate to a union between a man and a woman because this marriage is legal everywhere, they have the human procreation, and better raise them children. First of entirely, I think that union between man and woman is legal everywhere because it is not just in the government law and in religion too. In the world this marriage is legal in all countries, and acceptable in all religious movements. The state recognizes this relationship as a public brass in its laws because the relationship makes a unique and ess ential contribution to the common good. In some countries they do not recognize gay-marriage, just the union between female and male. For example, in Bible God express It is not good for man to be alone, a man leaving his parents and being fit to his wife. The Bible clearly identifies marriage as being between a man and a woman.The instant thought is heterosexual marriage having the human procreation. The purpose of marriage is to procreation children, so same sex marriage comes down to the biology of the sex organs. For example, a man and woman can have a child, but a woman and a woman, or a man and a man cannot. Therefore, same-sex couples cannot make a new life they cannot realize this basic function of marriage. The heterosexual have every probability to continue to race, and also a healthy way that is not bad for the child.The last important thought, that a union between a man and a woman can better raise a child. The marital union also, provides the best conditions for ra ising children namely, the stable, loving relationship of a mother and a pay back present only in marriage. They will not confuse the child who he or she is. For example, father is always your childs teacher a mother also, gives more affection and love. If we combine these twain thoughts together, the children will growth completely. So, I think that the kids need both parents a father and a mother to grow in good family.I can say that the word marriage should only apply to a union between a man and a woman because this marriage is legal everywhere, they have the human procreation, and better raise them children. This marriage is the lifetime union of a man and a woman, earlier for the purpose of build a family and provide a stable environment for that family. This is assurances of the descendants family, sequence of their family, and savings familys tradition. This type of marriage suitable to the human more than any others, this gives more conditions extension of human race, and can stay legal everywhere.

The Drivers of Globalization Essay Example for Free

The Drivers of globalization EssayAt the riddle of 2 beginning(a) century, information technology, communication, transportation and horizontal banking systems took a great leap of remediatement that changed billion of lives close to the set in motionation. Using a personal computer, an individual could perform a number of trade and banking transactions from anywhere, for as long as there is an Internet connection. People who are fond of traveling around the dry land could remain in contact with his families and employers, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.Important events could straightaway be shared by millions of viewers around the world through satellite connections and the use of the cosmos Wide Web. The world became a small a neighborhood through fast-flying delivery brought slightly by airplane travel around the world, minute by minute. All of these improvements contri hardlyed to the creation of a whizz thread that connects billion of lives throughout the globe. T hat thread came to be known as globalisation and it is a mode that contributed to the preparement of the so called global society.Globalization acknowledges the emergence of a global society in which political, stinting and cultural events could easily put to work the lives of people from all parts of the world. The so called global society to a fault implies the idea of a global securities industry which allows freer movement of goods, work, investment and capitals across the globe . The global market focuses on economic globalization, a sub field of globalization which focuses on the improvement and changes that occur in the sector of trade and commerce.Economic globalization suggests diminishing national boundaries and territory to allow freer movement of goods and services . Tariffs and trade regulations are created to further improve and ensure that the flow of goods and services would continue and safe from ineligible activities. Along with these and the improvements achieved in the field of transportation, information technology and communication, the cost of transactions and operation of companies around the world and have opened up millions of jobs throughout the world and have reduced the cost of transactions.An poser of this would be the large increase of trade and movement of capital in the form of bonds, stocks and investment. The volume of world exportation level from 1950 to 2001 grew 20 times from its original level. Analysts have to a fault deduced that investors and shareholders nowadays are so salubrious informed that they could easily piece of musicipulate their shares and capitals through Internet to enable them to gain more profit. It was eminent that the consumer himself was an influential catalyst for change however, there are other factors which contribute greatly to the development, growth and spread of globalization.It is assertable that there are many reasons or factors that have caused globalization spread so fast but it would be best to narrow it down based on the influence and number of changes that it has brought forth towards the globalization as we know of today. As much as come-at-able, these factors would be in touch with market and harvest-festival globalization. The assessment of these factors would be the key in answering why globalization has spread so fast over the past decades. Lastly, the last part of the paper would be a reflection about the influence of globalization on the lives of normal people such as the author of this paper.A. The Consumer and the Nature of Man In his endless pursuit of greater pleasure, comfort and perhaps happiness in life, man has always sought-after(a) to improve the quality of his lifestyle and everything around him. Whether it was accidental, planned or agonistic, man never failed to bring proficiency in his daily life and to his predecessor in the future. In the early years, man was forced to develop and improve his agricultural system and tools t o cope up with the growing population and harsh environment that ring him.The idea for gunpowder and guns that change how wars are fought, were brought by the creation and extensive use of firecrackers by the Chinese. The industrial Revolution for instance, was a period in which many innovations were introduced that forever changed how goods are being manufactured and also transportation services was the main attraction during that time. Personal computers, cell phones and satellites connections of the 20th century could connect people from any part of the world in a matter of minutes or even seconds. stock-still couples who are having problems in bearing children could now resolve this through artificial insemination.These are manifestations of how far man could go when he attempts to further improve his lifestyle and it is for a fact that there is no possible end on how man could go when he wishes to seek more pleasure and comfort in life. This desire of man to further enhance i ts online lifestyle has pushed the boundaries and possibilities of 20th century world market. exclusively fork uping people with basic goods and necessities is not enough for a company to stay in the business. They subscribe to be innovative about their crop and they need to fix product that will capture the savour of the consumers.Even services being offer by manufacturer and companies should be top rank in order to ensure that consumers would adhere to their product. Moreover, considering the status of information technology and how easy it is to gain several(a) pith of information, it could be consider that consumer nowadays is more informative and knows what they need not to mention how picky or so of then when it comes to the quality of the product theyre going to buy. In the least sense, consumer itself was the one who shaped and pushed the current market to its current level.Globalization was merely a tool that helped in satisfying the demand of consumers for produc t that could improve and make life easier. Through a freer movement of capitals and less restrictions concerning importations of international goods, people across the globe was able to experience gadgets, goods, services and even infrastructure that usually could solely be found in developed countries. Such conditions could be seen in countries in Asia and South America were investors from the so called 1st world countries have invested huge amount of money to penetrate and dominate topical anaesthetic markets.When it comes to infrastructure, one example that could be found is recent spread of high class casinos and hotels in tourist destinations especially in areas such as the Caribbean, Mediterreanan and Hawaii . Globalization for a moment has satisfied the consumers needs but at the same time it has invoked greater desire for the consumers to experience and use more product that could further improve their lifestyle. Additionally, the power to avail certain kind of products su ch as luxury cars and advanced gadgets represent the sociable status of consumers.3rd world countries have opened their markets to foreign investors not just to increase tax income but also to provide its people with job opportunities and improve their economy through such investments. crossway Innovations It is eminent that there is no permanent product that would dominate a market for long a time. Aside from our basic necessities, everything that we use will eventually come to an end. This is why leading companies and manufacturers are forced to develop and produce new products that would interest the public and would help them stay in business.Microsoft for instance, continuously creates and develops operational systems for personal computers in order to cope up with the latest programs and software that are being exchange in the market today. From time to time, leading cell phone manufacturer like Nokia and Samsung need to wash up new models of cell phone that are better th at its predecessor and could offer new tricks to its user. Everything has its own evolution, even the tiniest gadget that we use started of from a humble beginnings and had been changed in order to cope up with the demands of the public and at the same time stay on course with regards to business operations.Through product innovations and improvement, leading companies and manufacturers could supply the public with goods that could satisfy their demands . When a product is adhered to by billions of people around the globe, leading companies turn their guardianship to manufacturers for possible business expansion and reproduction of their product. Manufacturers are either hired or created by those companies who personally want to manage the production of their products. Investment comes in huge amounts of money and it often creates thousands of job opportunities.Globalization comes into play during these times. Tariffs and trade regulations are lowered in order to accommodate busin ess expansion and to glide by investors flexibility about theyre investment. Countries who sought to increase their nations revenue, turns their heads to foreign investment for possible influx of money and generating jobs that could decrease unemployment level . For an instance, famous clothing lines have opened not only outlet stores but also their own factory outside of their main offices in order to make full the demands of the public.Clothing lines like Lacoste, Luis Vitton and other famous brand could now be found in various parts of the world. Michelin, the French tire company owns a factory in south California where they produce tire that would answer the demand of the local market. Globalization spread across the globe because of the opportunity that foreign investment could offer to a country. Aside from lowering the cost of foreign product through local manufacturing, foreign investment could boost the economic performance of those poor countries.

Pure Hatred Essay Example for Free

Pure Hatred EssayIntroductionIt is so depressing to say that execration, the most potent of sympathetic feelings is still rampant in todays world. Despite decades of struggles for civil rights, sad stories of nuisance are still universe told. A lot of individuals discombobulate to walk the streets of cities, the halls of schools and offices, and even the rooms of their throw houses in fear. Around this world mint are still universe attacked because of their race, their sex, or their religion. In this unseasoned millennium, is it going to be viable to create a safer environment for all people? Can calvely country become the Land of the Free? Sadly, individuals and free radicals that espouse loathe are still active in the country.The horrific events of September 11, 2001, and the terrorism that has followed in its put forward make believe made it even more grave now than in the past to understand the nature of loathe. Given the overwhelming displays of loathe currently being displayed in the world, we bemuse a responsibility to seek an understanding of despise, its causes, and its consequences and how to beset it and achieve a socialization of peace (Brenes Du Nann Winter, 201 Brenes Wessells, 124).Typical Definitions of HateThe typical operateulations of despise, those by Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, Hume, and Darwin are notable for their contradictions. For Descartes (1694/1989), hate was an awareness of an heading as something bad and an urge to withdraw from it. For Spinoza (1677/1985), it was a occurrence of pain (sadness) accompanied by a perception of some external cause. For Aristotle (trans. 1954), the distinguishing phenomenological fact close to hate was that it is pain-free (in addition to being incurable by clipping and striving for the annihilation of its object). Hume (1739-1740/1980) argued that neither honor nor hate can be defined at all, because both are irreducible feelings with the introspective immed iacy of sensory impressions. Darwin (1872/1998) in addition byword hate as a special feeling, one that lacks a distinct facial sign and manifests itself as rage.Hatred is causes of bitter sorrow. We find ourselves in repugnance and anger in the presence of one we hate. The exuberate of hate is being caused by the suffering, loss of power and reputation of the hated person. Shand (192) described hate as a syndrome, or a bundle of casual dispositions united by a common steamy object or a common course of instruction of such objects. The key feature of such a syndrome is that a person whitethorn be legitimately characterized as having it without being imputed any corresponding episodic claim.Modern Conceptions of HateSternberg (123) recently proposed that both disgust and contempt are special kinds of hate, cold hate and cool hate, respectively (see also Oatley Johnson- Laird, 87, for a claim that hate is a derivative of disgust). Steinbergs proposal is offend of a broad theor etical typology based on the principle that, like love, hate can be characterized in terms of three action-feelings components (a) intimacy (more precisely, the negation thereof), (b) passion, and (c) commitment. The feelings and actions associated with the first (negation of intimacy) component include revulsion-disgust and distancing, respectively. Fight-or-flight is the action pattern, and anger-fear are the feelings attend the passion element.The last (commitment) component involves an attempt to devalue the target of annoyance through and through and through contempt. On the al-Qaeda of this triangular structure, Sternberg posited a variety of hates. on that point is, for example, the already mentioned cool hate, compose solely of disgust, and hot hate, composed solely of the anger-fear combination.There are also cold hate (devaluation through contempt alone), boiling hate (disgust + anger-fear), simmering hate (disgust + contempt), seething hate (passion + commitment also called r sinisterement), and, finally, burning hate, which includes all three action-feelings components. consecutive hate, he argued, is an emotion of intimacy, respect, and strengthThere can be no hatred in failing (Solomon, 326) he saw this equality of power as part of hates special mythology, ensuring that the antagonism involves an element of uncouth respect. Though Solomon referred to hate as an emotion, the general affective construct that appears to fit best his knowledge portrait of hate dynamics is that of a syndrome.Types of HateHate as an EmotionThe hate as an emotion occurs based on the individual emotional experience. It is an emotion where people rush to experience that affect the room they live. People come to hate other people whom have mistreated them.Hate that we learn as an IdeaIt is a long-standing hatred even of people they have never met, simply on the priming coat of belonging to groups in meshing or as an idea.Prejudice and DiscriminationPrejudice is a ban attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority. People who have an transparent difference make prejudice easier. If you resent your roommate because he or she is sloppy, you are not inevitable guilty of prejudice. However, if you immediately stereotype your roommate on the basis of such characteristics as race, ethnicity, or religion, that is a form of prejudice. Prejudice tends to perpetuate false definitions of individuals and groups.One important and widespread form of prejudice is racism, the whimsy that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior. When racism prevails in a society, members of infantryman groups generally experience prejudice, discrimination, and exploitation. In 1990, as concern mounted about racist attacks in the coupled States, Congress passed the Hate Crimes Statistics Act. This justice directs the Department of Justice to gather data on hatreds motivated by the victims race, religion, ethnicity , or sexual orientation. In 2000 alone, more than 8,063 hate crimes were reported to authorities. Some 54 portion of these crimes against persons involved racial bias, whereas another 18 percent involved religious bias, 16 percent sexual orientation bias, and 11 percent ethnic bias (Department of Justice 2001a).A particularly unworthy hate crime made the front pages in 1998 In Jasper, Texas, three White men with possible ties to race-hate groups tied up a Black man, beat him with chains, and then dragged him behind their truck until his body was dismembered. legion(predicate) groups in the united States have been victims of hate crimes as well as generalized prejudice. In the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, hate crimes against Asian Americans and Muslim Americans escalated rapidly. Prejudice is also happening against Arab Americans and Muslims who live in the United States (226).The activity of organized hate groups appears to be increasing, both in reality and in virtual reality. Although yet a few hundred such groups may exist, there were at least 2,000 websites advocating racial hatred on the Internet in 1999. Particularly troubling were sites disguised as video games for young people, or as educational sites about crusaders against prejudice, like Martin Luther King, Jr. The technology of the Internet has allowed race-hate groups to expand far beyond their traditional southern base to reach millions (Sandberg, 105).Hate causes ViolenceHate is the most powerful human emotion exists that causes violence. It is a disease like tuberculosis. It may infect others, but it inevitably destroys the hater, diminishing his universe and perverting the purpose and promise of life itself. A special case of ostensive formulation might be ready in the concept of the so-called hate crime. Hate crimes can be defined as criminal offenses in which the defendants conduct was motivated by hatred, bias, or prejudice, based on the actual or perceived ra ce, color, religion, theme demarcation, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation of another individual or group of individuals. A more extensive definition can be found in the calcium Penal Code, which says that Hate crimes . . . means any act of intimidation, harassment, physical trace, or the threat of physical force directed against any person, or family, or their property or advocate, motivated either in full or in part by the hostility to the real or perceived ethnic background, national origin, religious belief, gender, age, disability, or sexual orientation, with the intention of causing fear and intimidation.Hate crimes are not separate offenses, however, and it is important to realize that many types of felonies can be prosecuted as hate crimes. Hate crime rectitudes, which have developed during the past decade or two, simply enhance or increase the penalties associated with serious offenses that magnetic inclination into the hate crimes category. At the 1994 is typica l of such legislation. The act provides for enhanced clips where a federal offense is intractable to be a hate crime. The federal Hate Crime Statistics Act, signed into law by then-Pre slopent scrubbing in April 1990, mandates an annual statistical tally of hate crimes throughout the country.Data collection under the law began in January 1991. Yearly statistics show approximately 10,000 reported instances of hate crimes, including about a dozen murders. roughly hate crimes (approximately 65 percent) appear to be motivated by racial bias, while religious hatred (15 percent) and sexual orientation (12 percent) account for most of the remainder. Many hate crimes that are reported fall into the category of intimidation, although vandalism, simple assault, and aggravated assault also account for a fair bout of hate crime offenses. Notable in recent years has been a spate of church burnings throughout the south where congregations have been predominantly African-American. A few robbe ries and rapes are also classified under the hate crime umbrella in any given year. Hate crimes are sometimes also called bias crimes.One form of bias crime that bears special mention is homophobic homicide. Homophobic homicide is a term that refers to the murder of homosexuals by those opposed to their lifestyles. Some hate crimes are committed by organized hate groups. According to the firmness Project of the Southern Poverty Law Center (457) organized hate groups operated in the United States in 1999. Another so-called patriot organizations, many with separatist leanings based on race or ethnicity, existed throughout the country. Some hate crime laws have not passed constitutional muster, often because they have run fouled of First Amendment concerns over free speech.In 1992, for example, in the case of R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, the U.S. autonomous Court void a St. Paul, Minnesota, city ordinance designed to prevent the bias-motivated display of symbols or objects, such as national socialist swastikas or burning crosses. Also in 1992, in the case of Forsyth County, Ga. v. Nationalist Movement, the Court held that a county destiny regulating parades was unconstitutional because it also regulated freedom of speechin this case a scheme by an affiliate of the Ku Klux Klan to parade in opposition to a Martin Luther King birthday celebration. Some writers have noted that decrees intended to control hate crimes may contravene constitutional guarantees if they (1) are too vague, (2) criminalise thought more than action, (3) attempt to control what would otherwise be free speech, and deny equal breastplate of the laws to those who wish to express their personal biases.Examples of effective hate crime legislation can be found in a Wisconsin law that increases penalties for most crimes when the offender Intentionally selects the person against whom the crime . . . is committed or selects the property that is damaged or otherwise affected by the crime . . . in whole or in part because of the agents belief or perception regarding the race, religion, color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin or ancestry of that person or the owner or occupant of that property, whether or not the actors belief or perception was correct.Wisconsins penalty enhancement statute was upheld in the 1993 case of Wisconsin v. Mitchell. In that case, the United States Supreme Court held that Mitchell, a black man whose severe beating of a white boy was racially motivated, could be punished with additional severity as permitted by Wisconsin law because he acted out of race hatred.The Court called the assault conduct unprotected by the First Amendment and upheld the Wisconsin statute saying, since the statute has no chilling effect on free speech, it is not unconstitutionally overbroad. In 2000, however, the Supreme Court, in the case of Apprendi v. new-fashioned Jersey,struck down a New Jersey law that allowed judges to sentence offenders to longer p rison terms for crimes motivated by racism or other bias. The law did not require that prosecutors prove to a jury that an offense was a hate crime under state law.Are there Any Cures for Hate?There is no magic bullet cure for hate. There are several possible steps, however. Indeed, Staub (240, 124) devised a program for intervening in cases of mass killings and violence (see also Veale Dona, 147). At the very least, one can start by modifying negative stereotypes, which can be make with some success (Blair Banaji, 219 Mackie, Allison, Worth, Asuncion, 156). In general, people need to understand the triangular nature of hate and its escalation with nonparallel triangular components so that one can recognize its often subtle presence understand how hate is fomented through stories, often by way of propaganda understand how hate can lead to massacres and genocide through the translation of feeling triangles into action triangles combat feelings of impotence with constructive qui te an than destructive responses, and actagainst hate and its consequences rather than stand by as passive observers, as the world so often has through with(p) realize that passive observation and often attempts at reason enacted in the hope that hate-based massacres and genocides will go away are perceived as weaknesses and tend to encourage rather than to discourage violence and combat hate with wisdom.There is no complete cure for hate. Cognitive comprehension of a destructive mental process does not insulate people from experiencing it. But given the destruction hate has caused over time and geography, there is a need to understand it, its consequences, and ways to at least try to combat it through understanding and especially through action. Indeed, there are few areas of psychology for which it equally can be said that action speaks louder than words. Many of the ways of combating hate are the aforesaid(prenominal) that one would use in resolving conflict situations and ach ieving peace (Christie, Wagner, Du Nann Winter, 238), including creation of win-win situations, mental synthesis trust between groups, sharing information, each side asking questions of the other, generating multiple alternative options, and seeking understanding of groups to which one does not belong (Boardman, 149 Isenhart Spangle, 259).Sometimes when a group communicates to the other the story of what its members have experienced, they can come to an understanding of each other that is not possible when people stay silent and fail to communicate (Albeck, Adwan, Bar-On, 162). When wrongs have been committed, no solution may be possible unless both sides are willing to forgive (Azar Mullet, 95). Building tolerance and creating a conclusion of peace and a society in which people share equally in rights and in elaborateness in the society can go a long way toward resolving problems of violence and hate (Christie Dawes, 2001 Miall, Ramsbotham, Woodhouse, 199 Montiel Wessells, 221). The question is whether people have sufficient practiced will to achieve this goal. Combating hate requires, first and foremost, fetching responsibility for it, its perpetrators, and its consequences.Ultimately, the best way to combat hate may be through wisdom (Steinberg, 198). well-informed people may hate wise people do not. People like Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Mother Theresa, and Nelson Mandela had the same human passions as any of us, but in their wisdom, they moved beyond hate to embrace love and peace. The balance theory of wisdom (Sternberg, 198) defines wisdom as the application of intelligence, creativity, and experience toward a common good by balancing ones own interests with others interests and institutional interests over the long and short terms. By definition, wise people do not hate others because they care about the individuals (or groups) wellbeing as well as their own or that of their group. They seek solutions that embrace the legitimate i nterests of others as well as of themselves.Someone who cares about anothers interests and upbeat cannot hate that person, in part because he or she cannot dehumanize that other. Schools typically teach children knowledge and to call in intelligently. But they rarely teach for wisdom. Indeed, in many schools across the globe, they teach hate for one group or another. Ultimately, if society wishes to combat hate, its schools and institutions need to teach students to think wisely. They then will realize that hate is not the solution to any legitimate life problem. Indeed, it foments rather than solves problems. But to teach for wisdom requires wisdom, and so far, the possession of that wisdom is a challenge that many fail to meet, not because we cannot meet it, but rather, because we distinguish not to. It is to be hoped that, in the future, people will make the better choicefor wisdom rather than for foolishness and the hate that can arise from it.ConclusionTo sum up, despite muc h recent forethought to hate as a topic of discussion and intervention, there currently exists no generally authoritative definition and cure of hate. More grievously, there is nothing approaching a consensus on how to delimit the scene of action within which such a definition would fall. Meanings of hate differ both across and within contexts. Thus, it cadaver unclear if different authors are indeed discussing or intervening against the same thing. The situation raises a number of questions Why this cornucopia of meaning?How are psychologists to characterize the underlying disagreements? How they to decide which disagreements are are significant and which are purely semantic? How are people to decide who is right and who is wrong? What would it mean to be right or wrong in this context? These are just some trying questions about hate, to which the answers are still unclear. But one thing is clear, definitely hate is not the answer and we have to control ourselves emotionally a nd change our minds for the better.WORKS CITEDAlbeck, J. H., Adwan, S., Bar-On, D. Dialogue groups TRTs guidelines for working throughintractable conflicts by personal storytelling. Peace and departure journal of Peace Psychology, 8, 301-322, 2002.Aristotle. The rhetoric and the poetics o fAristotk (W. R. Roberts, Trans.). New York ModernLibrary, 1954. (Original work scripted ca. 340 B.C.)Azar, F., Mullet, E. Willingness to forgive A study of Muslim and Christian Lebanese. Peaceand Conflict journal of Peace Psychology, 8, 17-30, 2002.Blair, I. V., Banaji, M. R. autoloading(prenominal) and controlled processes in stereotype priming. Journal ofPersonality and Social Psychology, 70, 1142-1163, 1996.Boardman, S. K. Resolving conflict Theory and practice. Peace andConftict Journal of PeacePsychology, 8, 157-160, 2002.Brenes, A., . Du Nann Winter, D. Earthly dimensions of peace The Earth charter. Peace andConflict Journal of Peace Psychology, 7, 157-171, 2001.Brenes, A., Wessells, M . Psychological contributions to building cultures of peace. Peace andConflict Journal of Peace Psychology, 7, 99-107, 2001.Christie, D. J., Dawes, A. Tolerance and solidarity. Peace and Conflict Journal of PeacePsychology, 7, 131-142, 2001.Christie, D.J, R. V. Wagner, R.V. Winter, D.D. 2001, Peace, Conflict and Violence PeacePsychology for the 21st Century Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall.,106, 2001.Darwin, C. (1998). The cheek of the emotions in man and animals. New York OxfordUniversity Press, 1998. (Original work print 1872)Department of Justice. Hate Crime Statistics, 2000. Washington, D C U.S. Government PrintingOffice, 2001a (Accessed October 16, 2002).Descartes, R. On the passions of the soul (S. Voss., Trans.). Indianapolis, IN, 1989. (Original workpublished 1694)Hume, D. A treatise of human nature. Oxford, England Oxford University Press, 1980 (Originalwork published 1739-1740).Isenhart, M., Spangle, M. Collaborative approaches for resolving conflict. Thousand Oak s, CASage, 2000.Mackie, D. M., Allison, S. T., Worth, L. T., Asuncion, A. G. (1992). The generalization ofoutcome-biased counter-stereotypic inferences, journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 28, 43-64, 1992.Miall, H., Ramsbotham, O., Woodhouse, T. Contemporary conflict resolution. Cambridge, MAPolity Press, 1999.Montiel, C. ., Wessells, M. (2001). Democratization, psychology, and the construction ofcultures of peace. Peace and Conflict Journal of Peace Psychology, 7,119-129, 2001.Shand, A. F. The foundations of character (2nd ed.). London Macmillan, 1920.Solomon, R. The passions. New York Anchor Books, 1977.Spinoza, B.Ethics. In E. Curley (Ed.), The collected works of Spinoza (Vol. 1, pp. 408-617).Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press, 1985. (Original work published 1677)Staub, E. (1989). The roots of evil The origins of genocide and other group violence. NewYork Cambridge University Press, 1989.Sternberg, R. J. Why schools should teach for wisdom The balance theory of wi sdom ineducational settings. Educational Psychologist, 36, 227-245, 2001.Sternberg, R. J. A duplex theory of hate and its development and its application to terrorism,massacres, and genocides. recapitulation of General Psychology, 7, 299-328, 2003.Veale, A., Dona, G. Psychosocial interventions and childrens rights Beyond clinical discourse.Peace and Conflict Journal of Peace Psychology, 8,47-61, 2002.

Inspirational teacher Essay Example for Free

Inspirational teacher EssayDear Ms. Cornell, On the sound day of my 9th bod English partitioning, I gathered my books, took one last look around, and wondered if you and I would ever cross paths again. As you erased the chalk board, I wondered how many students were actually as inspired by you as I was. I considered interrupting your meticulous erasing, but decided against it, coming to the conclusion that you had had enough of us raucous 9th graders for one tutor year. Your English class was my favorite, and I always looked forward to the exciting activities youd move into up with for us to participate in. Going into the 9th grade, I didnt think that group activities and reading those want short stories would be something that I actually looked forward to, but you changed my bug outlook comp allowely. I never fantasy I would have the opportunity to contact you again as I ventured off to high school to pursue the final years of structured schooling.Its funny, thoughas I walked out of your class room, you stayed with me through the duration of my schooling. The way that you taught inspired me in ways that no other teacher could. Your max focus on each individual student you encountered helped me to understand that everyone is, indeed, individual. The creativity you incorporated into each lesson aim helped me to see that nothing has to be boringits all in the way that a somebody approaches it.The little methods you utilized to make large exercises depend small and easy encouraged me to break deplete my large assignments into several small tasks. Something about the way you spoke to us kids made anything impossible seem absolutely attainable. I am in the process of completing my credentials to become a grade school teacher. I have completed student-teaching for Kindergarten, 1st, 3rd and 4th grade classes. I can flat say that I honestly understand why this field is so rewarding. The kids are always so eager to see me.As I did with you, they cont inually await the learning activities I have mean for them. The various students I have had the opportunity to work with remind me of when I was young and dependent on the grown-up standing in the front of the room trying to teach me all the things I would need to spot in life. As I approach the end of my formal education, I felt it was important to let you know that you played an important role in what I chose my career to be. Though the grades are different, the social occasion is the same.Watching you effortlessly pass on your knowledge to a bunch of somewhat unappreciative 14-year olds gave me consumption to practice a career in education. You had a major impact in my life and my trust is that one day I will be someones Ms. Cornell. For everything that you taught me, and for everything that you do, Thank you. Sincerely, ________________________________________ Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and security tools, free access to millions of.

War in Central America Essay Example for Free

War in fundamental America Essay telephone exchange America is the reciprocal ohmernmost part of the North American continent. It lies south south of Mexico and form the land connection with South America. Central America is commonly defined as including Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and leghorn. The total land discipline is roughly 200,000 squ ar miles (518, 000 km2), about three-fourths that of Texas. Central America is long and narrow, tapering to a width of barely 30 miles (48km) in parts of Panama. On the east is the Caribbean Sea, on the west, the Pacific Ocean. Both coasts are deeply indented in places, and offshore islands are numerous, in particular in the Caribbean. The land is mostly mountainous, with scattered active volcanoes. Except for the coastal plains, which are narrow in most places, there is little flat land (Wood state of ward, 1999). In the early 1900s, there was unrest in several Central American countries. The United States intervened militarily in the piece several times to come to order and protect its interests. After World War II, most Central American countries had dictatorial governments.In 1951, the Organization of Central American States was formed to promote economic and cultural cooperation among the countries. One of its achievements was the creation of the Central American Market in 1960. Cooperation began to break down, however, when national antagonists started to resurface in the late 1960s. Many of the countries see violence between the left- and right- wing semipolitical factions, as well as guerrilla insurgencies, inflation, and foreign debt (Woodward, 1999). governmental turmoil increased in the 1980s.Nicaraguas government was controlled by a leftist group called the Sandinistas, which curb political freedom in Nicaragua and was accused of supporting a strong communistic insurgency in El Salvador. The United States began giving aids to rebels called contras, who were t rying to overthrow the Sandinista regime. There were similarly abuses of human rights and restrictions of political freedom in other countries in the region. In 1987, the governments of El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica signed an agreement designed to repeal the regions civil wars and foster democracy.The author of the agreement, Costa Rican president Oscar Arias, received the Nobel peace Prize (Woodward, 1999). This paper discusses and compares two countries of Central America, Guatemala and Panama, focusing on the challenges for democratic consolidation and economic development. II. range A. Guatemala Guatemala or commonwealth of Guatemala is an independent country of Central America. Its borders Mexico, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador and lies between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Guatemala has an area of 42, 042 square miles.Maximum distances are roughly 280 miles north-south and 250 miles east-west. Narrow lowlands run on the pacific and Atlantic coasts. amongst them lie the highlands, covering about half of the country. Dominant features are mountains, volcanoes, high plateaus, broad basins, and many valleys. Forests are one of Guatemalas richest resources. The Atlantic lowland and the Peten are largely covered by tropical rainfall forests. Savannas predominate along the drier pacific coast. The highlands are covered by grasslands and forests that are deciduous at low elevations and coniferous higher up.B. Panama Panama or Panama City or majority rule of Panama is a city and the capital of the republic. It is on the bay of Panama at the Pacific end of the Panama Canal, 38 miles southeast of Colon on the Atlantic. The citys economy is largely support by the canal and by tourists. Products include furniture, beer, handicrafts, and clothing. Panama is a hilly country crossed by several mountain ranges, the highest of which are in the west. Near the Costa Rican border is Volcan Baru, an extinct volcano acclivi ty 11, 401 feet above sea level. III. Discussion A. Guatemala GovernmentUnder the constitution of 1985, which went into effect in 1986, Guatemala is a republic governed by a president and one-chamber Congress, both elected for four years popular balloting. A council of ministers is official by the president. The judiciary is headed by a nine-member into 23 administrative departments. Voting is mandatory for all literate citizens age is 18 or over (Grandin, 2000). History The Maya Indians inhabited Guatemala as early as 2400 B. C. They genuine an advanced civilization and flourished there, but declined after 900 A. D. In the 16th century, the Mayas were subdued by Spaniards under Pedro de Alvarado.He governed the captaincy general of Guatemala, which included all Central America except Panama. For nearly three centuries the region was under Spanish rule (Lovell, 2002). In 1821, the five provinces making up captaincy general of Guatemala tell their independence, but the next yea r they became part of the New Mexico Empire under Agustin de Iturbide. When Iturbide was driven from power in 1823, the province gained independence as a confederation called the united provinces of Central America. During 1838-39, the confederation collapsed. Guatemala became an independent suppose in 1839 (Grandin, 2000).Rafael Carrera, leader of the conservative forces that helped to bring about dissolution of the confederation, made himself president of Guatemala in 1844 ands became the predominant political figure in Central America. In 1854, he was made president for life. He died in 1865. Vicente Cerna, one of Carreras generals, succeeded him as president but was overthrown in 1871. General Justo Rufino Barrios, a liberal, came to power in 1873, and the nation made economic progress under his rule. He was killed in 1885 in a war with El Salvador, while attempting to set up a union of Central American states.In 1898, Manuel Estrada Cabrera became president. In 20th century, Estrada Cabrera ruled as a despot for 22 years. He favored the wealthy classes and encourage industrial development. He was overthrown in 1920. Relative order prevailed until 1930, when economic depression led to another uprising. In 1931, General Jorge Ubico came to power. Under his dictatorship, order was maintained and economic stability restored. In 1944 an alliance of students, liberals, and dissident members of the troops forced Ubico out of office and seized control of the country.Many social and economic reforms were introduced by presidents Juan Jose Arevalo and Jacobo Arbenz Guzman. During their presidencies, Communist model in the government began to grow. When Arbenz instituted land reforms and encouraged the growth of labor unions, his opponents claimed that he was under Communist control. The army, with concealed aid from the United States, overthrew Arbenz in 1954 and outlawed the Communist party. Two corrupt and largely ineffective military machine dictatorships followed (Grandin, 2000). In 1963, Colonel Enrique Peralta Azurdia led a successful revolt.He governed by decree, but promised to hold elections after a new constitution was enacted. The constitution took effect in 1965 and a civilian government was elected. In attempt economic and social reforms, but its programs were blocked by resistance from conservative businessmen and wealthy landowners. neaten was also delayed by a civil war that raged for several years between Communist guerrillas and the army. Both sides used terrorism, including assassinations and kidnappings. In the 1970s a series of conservative military governments held power and inhibit the insurgents. A presidential election was held in 1982.Soon after, the government was overthrown by the army, whose leaders promised a turn over to democracy. A new constitution was approved in 1985, and later that year Marco Vinicio Cerezo was elected president. Economy Guatemalas economy is still in an early stage of developme nt. Private enterprise prevails government regulation is negligible. A small group controls most of the nations wealth, while the vast majority of the people, especially the Indians, exsert in extreme poverty. Guatemala is largely an agricultural country, one favored by a diverse mood and rich soils, especially the volcanic soils of the highlands.Peasant landholdings are usually small and crudely worked, but depict a livelihood, at the subsistence level, for most of the people. Corn and beans are the main crops. In contrast, commercial plantations specialize in export crops and are generally large, modern, and owned. Coffee is the leading export cotton ranks second. Bananas, sugar, and meat are also significant exports. Livestock consists mainly of beef cattle, sheep, and pigs (Grandin, 2000). B. Panama Government Under the constitution of 1972, and later amendments, Panama is a republic. The president, assisted by a cabinet, exercises executive power.He is elected by popular vot e to a five-year term and may not serve consecutive terms. The legislature consists of the National Legislative Council (the pep pill house). Members of both houses are popularly elected. Assembly members serve four-year terms Council members serve for six years. The judiciary is headed by a supreme court of nine justices, appointed by the president for 10-year terms. Each of the nine provinces is headed by an appointed governor and is divided into municipal districts. Panama has a military force known as the National Defense Force (Hedrick, 2000). History The Caribbean coast of Panama was explored by a Spanish chasse under Rodrigo de Bastidas about 1500. The region was inhabited by several tribes of Indians, the Cuna being the largest. In 1502, Christopher Columbus sailed along the coast to the central part of the isthmus and claimed the area for Spain. The northern coast of Panama was the location of the beginning Spanish settlement on the mainland. In 1509, the Spanish governme nt issued licenses to Alonso de Ojeda and Diego de Nicuesa to settle the regions explored by Bastidas and Columbus.The first colonies were effected in 1510 at San Sebastian (on what is now the northern coast of Colombia) and Nombre de Dios. They did not flourish, however, because of disease, famine, and conflicts with the Indians. The first successful settlement, Santa Maria, was founded in 1510, when Vasco Nunez de Balboa convinced the settlers at San Sebastian to move to a new location on the west shore of the Gulf of Darien. The Indians at the new site were quickly subdued and Balboa became governor of the new colony. In 1513, balboa made his way crossways the isthmus and discovered the Pacific (Hedrick, 2000).